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Directory:Storage

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Contents

Overview

  • The Importance of Energy Storage - Basic overview. Energy storage involves methods and apparatus used to store heating, cooling, or power. In district energy applications these encompass a wide variety of applications, but all are designed to be recharged on a cyclical basis (usually daily, occasionally seasonally). (Energy Business Reports; July 27, 2007)
  • Energy Storage Nears Its Day in the Sun - Energy storage is an unglamorous pillar of an expected revolution to clean up the world's energy supply but will soon vie for investors attention with more alluring sources of energy like solar panels, manufacturers say. (Reuters; Feb. 25, 2008)

Products

Batteries

  • PG&E Demonstrates Vehicle-to-Grid Technology - Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology allows for the bi-directional sharing of electricity between Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs), and the electric power grid. The technology turns each vehicle into a power storage system, increasing power reliability and the amount of renewable energy available to the grid during peak power usage. (Green Car Congress; Apr. 9, 2007)

Capacitors

Hybrid Storage

  • Hybrid Energy Storage System - Smart Storage Pty will develop energy storage systems based on a hybrid battery which combines an asymmetric supercapacitor and a lead-acid battery in a single unit cell. The expected discharge and charge power of the Smart Storage battery will be 50% higher and its cycle-life at least 3x longer than conventional lead-acid. (Green Car Congress; Nov. 26, 2007)

Flywheels

Image:Beacon Power flywheel unit 95x95.jpg

Compressed Air

  • Storage >
    Hydraulic Storage using Coastal Salt Domes - Hydraulic and air-pressure based power stations respond more easily to sudden and extreme fluctuations in demand for power. Salt domes that are located very deep in the earth's bedrock and that measure several miles in vertical height by up to a mile in diameter would be suitable to store pressurized natural gas or compressed air. (Energy Pulse; Oct. 9, 2009)
  • New Jersey Utility Invests $20 Million Into Compressed Air Energy Storage - PSEG announced that it would be investing $20 million over the next three years into developing underground compressed-air storage systems for wind turbines. Currently there are two Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) systems operating in the world, one in Alabama and the other in Huntorf, Germany. (TreeHugger; Aug. 29, 2008)
  • Energy Storage and Power Corporation - ESPC developed a Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) plant based on Dry Air Injection that reduced plant costs by more than 50%. It is a cost effective way to store hundreds of MW’s of off-peak electric energy from coal, nuclear or wind power plants underground and make it available during peak electric hours.
  • Iowa to Combine Wind Energy & CAES Technology - Municipal utilities in Iowa are planning a new energy park that would integrate a wind farm with Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) technology. The Iowa Stored Energy Park (IESP) will use low-cost, off-peak electricity and wind energy to store air underground in porous rock. As demand rises, the stored air will be used to drive generators. (Renewable Energy Access; January 12, 2007)
  • Compressed air wind turbines - General Compression thinks it's found a way to make wind power available on-demand using turbines to compress air and store it underground. A pipeline network collects and stores compressed air and a power plant of expanders and generators produces electricity when needed. Wind farms could sell power during peak demand, making them grid compatible. (Inside Greentech; Mar. 20, 2007)
  • CAES - McIntosh unit 1 was declared commercial May 31, 1991. The 100-megawatt CAES unit uses air compressed and stored in an underground cavern in the generation process. When the compressed air is needed for generation, it is mixed with natural gas in a convention gas turbine combustion process to generate electricity. The plant uses off-peak electricity to pump air into the cavern, then uses the air in the generation process during peak periods.

Reservoir Storage

See Directory:Hydro

Thermal

Solar

  • The Molten Salt Solution to Storing Solar Energy - The difference between the molten salt and other liquids that are used in this sort of system is that the molten salt retains heat for a long enough time that it can effectively time-shift the stored solar energy from when it is most efficiently generated to when it is most needed. SolarReserve video (TreeHugger; June 30, 2008)
  • Solar > Concentrated >
    Solar power generation around the clock - SolarReserve is developing a solar power system that can store seven hours' worth of solar energy by focusing mirrors onto millions of gallons of molten salt, allowing the plant to provide electricity 24 hours a day. The 150-megawatt plant will include 4.4 million gallons of molten salt. (PhysOrg; Nov. 5, 2009)
  • Using Wood For Battery Power - The Enertia® Building System turns wood into a material that can store solar energy. Zeolitic seed crystals are injected into the wood, altering the molecular structure at a nanolevel- turning it into a thermal battery. When the house is properly configured and sited it can heat and cool itself. (Mercury News; Mar. 18, 2007)
  • Electricity Storage in Refrigerated Warehouses - "Night Wind" project will lower the temperature of large coldstores in Europe by just 1°C during the night when electricity demand is low, then let it rise 1°C by switching them off during the day when demand is at peak. The net effect would be that the warehouses would act as batteries — potentially storing 50,000 megawatt-hours of energy. (TreeHugger; Feb. 12, 2007)
  • Drake Landing Solar Community - DLSC is heated by a district borehole thermal energy storage system that supplies 90% of each home’s space heating requirements. The solar thermal energy is captured by flat-plate collectors on garage rooftops during the summer months and stored underground for space heating needs during winter months.

Magnetic

  • Storing energy in magnetic fields - Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage System or SMES is a way of storing electrical energy in magnetic fields. Chubu Electric Power and Furukawa Electric are creating an SMES not for long term storage, which SMES are not great at right now, but for quick energy bursts. SMES can store and release lots of energy very quickly like a capacitor. (AutoblogGreen; Jan. 31, 2008)
  • Neptune Systems - Developing tidal energy converter systems based upon magneto hydro dynamic (MHD) concepts that can convert tidal motion directly into power using no moving parts. This device can simultaneously store the electricity it produces or that is produced by other generators (like offshore wind turbines) with a high storing capacity.

Ultraconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (UMES)

Advantages: Once polymer Ultraconductors are made into long wires, and assuming they sustain as expected, maintaining persistent currents, UMES are likely to perform at least as well as superconductors, only without the expensive and complex cryogenic cooling.

Some years ago, Magnetic Power, Inc. cooperated with a scientist at the Los Alamos National Laboratory who invented a technique of fabricating SMES perhaps eight feet in diameter. These could be produced in a factory and easily transported to their ultimate location. Several could be stacked and linked together by utilities to provide whatever amount of energy storage was needed. This would allow base load power plants to run at constant speed all day and night with great economic and fuel saving advantages.

Vehicles equipped with MPI’s GENIE™ generators could employ UMES instead of ultracapacitors for peak loads. GENIE (Generating Electricity by Nondestructive Interference of Energy) will replace any need for batteries.

The power grid could employ GENIE Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology, which would allow utilities to maximize their plant and distribution system efficiencies. Cars, trucks and buses would wirelessly transmit up to 150 kW to the local electric power company. Peaks and valleys of electricity demand would no longer be a major concern.

See magneticpowerinc.com and www.ultraconductors.com for additional information.

Zeolite

  • Zeolite-Water Heating and Cooling System - Zeo-Tech has developed a new energy conversion process for the efficient generation and storage of heat and/or cooling power. Driven by a heat source, this process is solely based on the material zeolite and water and is therefore fully compatible with the most stringent environmental regulations.

Hydrogen

See Directory:Hydrogen Storage - separate page

Image:Asemblon_95x95.jpg Image:MOF-74 hydrogen storage NIST 95x95.jpg

Resources

In the News

  • Capacitors >
    Electric Ultracapacitor Buses Becoming More Feasible - China and Sinautec have been testing a fleet of electric buses equipped with ultracapacitors for quick recharging and zero emissions… and so far it works. Though having a quick charge time (~ 5 min.), these ultracapacitors need to be recharged (every 3.5 miles with air conditioning; 5.5 miles without a/c), requiring numerous charging stations; and the bus only goes 30 mph. (Gas 2.0; Oct. 21, 2009)

See also

BATTERIES GENERAL

TYPES OF BATTERIES

SCALE OF BATTERIES

RELATED TO BATTERIES

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